What is a nebuliser?

• Posted on 11 February 2022
• By Oxigo
• 0

Everything you need to know about nebulisers!

What is a nebuliser?

A nebuliser is a device that converts a liquid medicine or a saline solution into an aerosol: a mist of thousands of tiny droplets, also known as aerosols. The droplets end up in the lungs during an aerosol treatment. The use of a nebuliser in combination with a liquid medicine is also known as aerosol therapy. This therapy can be prescribed for COPD and cystic fibrosis, and sometimes for asthma. Examples of medication that can be used in combination with a nebuliser are expectorants, antibiotics and bronchodilators. A nebuliser allows the aerosol to enter your airways. Nebulisers usually consist of the following parts:

- A medication chamber

- An air compressor (only with compressor nebulisers)

- A tubing (only with compressor nebulisers)

- A mouthpiece or a mask

_{Video about the use of a nebuliser}

The history of the nebuliser

For the history of the nebuliser, we go back to the 19th century, although experiments with nebulisation already took place before that time. The first 'modern' nebuliser was introduced by the Frenchman Jean Sales-Girons. You could operate this nebuliser with a hand pump. The technology resembled that of a bicycle pump.

In the 1930s, the 'Pneumostat', the first electric nebuliser, came into circulation. Unfortunately, this device was so expensive that hardly anyone could afford it. From the 1950s onwards, developments followed each other in rapid succession and an increasing group of patients became familiar with the nebuliser.

How do nebulisers work?

A nebuliser basically works on mains power (electricity). This is the case with most compressor nebulisers. There are also portable mesh nebulisers that work on a battery (or batteries). You can use a nebuliser with a mouthpiece or with a mask that covers both the nose and the mouth. In general, a mouthpiece is experienced as more comfortable. Masks are mainly used by people who are less comfortable with the mouthpiece, especially children and the elderly. It’s important that the mask fits well on the face, otherwise part of the aerosol will escape.

Different types of nebulisers

Renowned nebuliser brands are PARI, Beurer and Philips. There are 3 different types of nebulisers:

Compressor nebulisers

Mesh nebulisers

Ultrasonic nebulisers

With an ultrasonic nebuliser, ultrasonic waves pass through the water reservoir. This creates an aerosol. Ultrasonic nebulisers don’t have a compressor.

What type of nebuliser is most suitable for your situation depends on several factors. Cleaning the nebuliser is very important to avoid getting an infection. Furthermore, the separate parts of the nebuliser should be replaced on a regular basis: at least once a year. Depending on the model, you can order a replacement kit (complete kit with accessories) or individual parts.

Nebulising liquid medicine or nebulising NaCl

You can use a nebuliser either with a liquid medicine or with a saline solution. In principle, nebulising a liquid medicine should be done on a doctor's prescription. Not each type of medication is suitable for a mesh nebuliser or an ultrasonic nebuliser.

Nebulising with a saline solution (NaCl) is also done by people who don’t suffer from a respiratory disease. For example, there are singers who use a nebuliser for their vocal cords. The device can also have a positive effect when you have the flu or a cold.

Tips for using your nebuliser

Tip 1: Sit up straight and keep the nebuliser straight to prevent leaks.

Tip 2: Breathe in gently while nebulising, so that the small particles can reach your throat and airways.

Tip 3: Clean your nebuliser on a regular basis. Always follow the cleaning instructions of the user manual.

Nebulise wherever you want, at home or on the go

Maybe you don’t only want to use your nebuliser at home, but also on the go: when you’re with family or on your holiday destination, for example. Compressor nebulisers for home use are a bit less compact. A portable (mesh) nebuliser offers a solution for on the go. Mesh nebulisers are small and lightweight, and often come with a handy storage pouch. Note: you’re not allowed to use your nebuliser while driving!

Always contact a doctor or specialist if you have any questions about your health. We can’t give you medical advice. Do you have any questions about a nebuliser (the device itself)? Feel free to contact us.

Further reading:

• Website British Lung Foundation – What is a nebuliser?
• Nebuliser product range
• Blog post "How do I use a nebuliser?"